![]() ![]() 10.E: Solids and Liquids (Exercises) These are exercises and select solutions to accompany Chapter 10 of the "Beginning Chemistry" Textmap formulated around the Ball et al.Crystalline solids can be ionic, molecular, covalent network, or metallic. 10.5: Solids Solids can be divided into amorphous solids and crystalline solids.All liquids experience capillary action, demonstrating either capillary rise or capillary depression in the presence of other substances. All liquids experience surface tension, an imbalance of forces at the surface of the liquid. If volume is limited, evaporation eventually reaches a dynamic equilibrium, and a constant vapor pressure is maintained. After learning about changing states of matter, and conversion from solid to liquid, let us now have a look at the melting point. 10.4: Properties of Liquids All liquids evaporate. The process of obtaining solid from the liquid is the opposite remove heat from the sample and it is called fusion or freezing.All phase changes occur with a simultaneous change in energy. 10.3: Phase Transitions - Melting, Boiling, and Subliming Phase changes can occur between any two phases of matter.Physical properties of liquids The most obvious physical properties of a liquid are its retention of volume and its conformation to the shape of its container. The preferred phase of a substance depends on the strength of the intermolecular force and the energy of the particles. liquid, in physics, one of the three principal states of matter, intermediate between gas and crystalline solid. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F atoms experience hydrogen bonding. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. 10.2: Intermolecular Forces All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles.Observers also point out that telescopes with glass lenses to focus light still do so even decades after manufacture-a circumstance that would not be so if the lens were liquid and flowed. This is how glass behaves: it goes back to its original shape (unless it breaks under the applied force). Solids may deform under a small force, but they return to their original shape when the force is relaxed. 10.1: Prelude to Solids and Liquids Liquids flow when a small force is placed on them, even if only very slowly. ![]()
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